The CO2 should be injected as and when needed, but if the barrel is full then it usually produces it's own gas unless drawn off quickly. If it is flat it may not yet have carbonated so either needs leaving longer to carbonate or the lid may not be fully airtight and allowing gas to escape. With a pressure barrel the flow from the tap may begin to slow, so this is when to add the CO2, and if there is too much pressure the barrel cap will release any excess as needed
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